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TWO ROADS TO INDEPENDENCE

HAITI 1789–1838 · KENYA 1895–1978

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Modern borders stand in for historical ones; zones are hand-drawn from scholarly maps. France and Africa lie east of the Haiti map.
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TWO ROADS TO INDEPENDENCE

HAITI 1789–1838 · KENYA 1895–1978

Two colonies, two centuries apart, each produced a nation that had to invent itself. In Saint-Domingue, the richest colony on earth, half a million enslaved people rose in 1791, defeated Spain, Britain and Napoleon’s army, and in 1804 founded Haiti, the first state created by people who had freed themselves from slavery. In Kenya, settlers took the highlands and the colonial state took the labour of those who had farmed them, until the land question exploded in the Emergency of the 1950s and ended in independence in 1963.

Twelve chapters follow both roads and then set them side by side: who counted as a citizen, what leaders made of freedom, what independence cost, and how each nation remembers its war. Red is independence won; tan is colonial rule; charcoal is the plantation and settler land at the centre of both stories. Scrub the timeline, open any territory’s dossier, and sit the Field Exam when you can explain why the way each country won its freedom shaped what came after.

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This is one of twenty-one atlases — the ★ at the top left returns to the library at any time.