The American Civil War, 1840–1877 · THE MAP IN
Map of the United States in April 1861
Sumter — the house divides · Civil War
The United States in April 1861: Sumter — the house divides. The map shows who held what: The Union.
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On the ground
- eleven states in rebellion — the Confederacy at its founding extent
- slave states that stayed in the Union — Delaware, Maryland, West Virginia, Kentucky, Missouri; emancipation’s exemptions until the 13th Amendment
- the Kansas–Missouri guerrilla country — ambush, reprisal and Order No. 11; no front line ever ruled here
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