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ONE LAND · 7 ATLASES

History of Iceland in maps

Iceland as it appears in 7 interactive history atlases, from 790 to 2015: Iceland. Each era below lists who ruled the land and when control changed, linked to the dated map that shows it.

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Map of women’s rights in January 1972, showing Iceland
MAP OF WOMEN’S RIGHTS IN JANUARY 1972

What was Iceland before it was Iceland? Below, every era of this land in the Maps of History atlases — who ruled it, what it was called, and when control changed — each line linked to the dated map that shows it. Modern borders stand in as an honest approximation; every atlas says so on the map itself.

Iceland · Norse and Aztecs

Settled from the 870s by Norse farmers and the Gaelic men and women, many enslaved, whom they brought with them, Iceland built a society without a king, governed by the Althing from 930. Its birch woods and soils were badly degraded by grazing, yet it survived the colder centuries by fishing and trade, and preserved the sagas that tell the Norse Atlantic story.

Other peoples and states — the opening position
Norse homelands & settlements

NORSE AND AZTECS: EVERY CHAPTER AND MAP →

Iceland · Industrial Revolution

INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION: EVERY CHAPTER AND MAP →

Iceland · Age of Revolutions

Neutral / uncommitted — the opening position

AGE OF REVOLUTIONS: EVERY CHAPTER AND MAP →

Iceland · WWI

WWI: EVERY CHAPTER AND MAP →

Iceland · WW2

WW2: EVERY CHAPTER AND MAP →

Iceland · Cold War

NATO & core Western allies — the opening position

COLD WAR: EVERY CHAPTER AND MAP →

Iceland · Feminism and the Tunisian Revolution

Iceland staged the most complete women’s strike of the period: on 24 October 1975 about 90 per cent of its women stopped work, and some 25,000 rallied in Reykjavík. In 1980 Icelanders elected Vigdís Finnbogadóttir, a divorced single mother, the world’s first woman elected president, and a women’s list entered parliament in 1983.

Right won in law — the opening position
Partial or unequal; treaty signed only; transition
No reform yet / outside this story
Right won in law

FEMINISM AND THE TUNISIAN REVOLUTION: EVERY CHAPTER AND MAP →

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