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Historical map · 300

Map of the Middle East in 300

In 300, the historical border data behind our interactive map draws 13 states, empires and other polities in the Middle East. By the land they held inside this region, the largest were the Sasanian Empire, the Roman Empire and the Kingdom of Kush. The Roman Empire reached well beyond the Middle East: its whole territory measured about 4.2 million km².

See this map live. The interactive map opens on the Middle East in 300. Zoom in, move the year slider to watch the borders change, or ask the history guide a question and it draws the answer on the map.

OPEN 300 ON THE MAP →Ask the history guide about 300
Atlas map: Diocletian and Constantine (Ad 312)
FROM THE ATLAS · ROME, CHAPTER 9: DIOCLETIAN AND CONSTANTINE (AD 312)

States and empires in the Middle East in 300

StateIn this regionWhole stateIn the data
Sasanian Empire Wikipedia2.6 million km²3.7 million km²215–643
Roman Empire Wikipedia1.8 million km²4.2 million km²31 BC–AD 632
Kingdom of Kush Wikipedia337,000 km²337,000 km²1000 BC–AD 346
Lakhmid Kingdom Wikipedia259,000 km²259,000 km²270–633
Kingdom of Armenia Wikipedia218,000 km²218,000 km²326 BC–AD 646
Himyarite Kingdom Wikipedia137,000 km²137,000 km²110 BC–AD 601
Kingdom of Axum Wikipedia133,000 km²133,000 km²50 BC–AD 946
Hadhramaut Wikipedia98,000 km²98,000 km²700 BC–AD 305
Caucasian Albania Wikipedia50,000 km²50,000 km²63 BC–AD 509
Caucasian Iberia Wikipedia36,000 km²36,000 km²63 BC–AD 533
Lazica Wikipedia18,000 km²18,000 km²63 BC–AD 777
Kingdom of Adiabene Wikipedia13,000 km²13,000 km²63 BC–AD 370
Gothia Wikipedia7,400 km²633,000 km²207–382

"In the data" gives the first and last year the dataset draws the state under this identity; states often existed earlier or later in another form.

What changed since 200

New on the map: Sasanian Empire, Lakhmid Kingdom, Gothia.

Gone from the map: Parthian Empire, Sabaeans, Indo-Scythians, Kingdom of Osroene, Kingdom of Gordyene, Kushan Empire.

What comes next: 400

Appear by 400: Allegiance of Kidarites to Sasanian Empire, Huns, Nobatia, Alodia, Makuria, Xionites, Visigoths.

Gone by 400: Kingdom of Kush, Kingdom of Armenia, Hadhramaut, Kingdom of Adiabene, Gothia.

Read the history of 300

Guided atlas chapters set near this date, each with its own map, causes and consequences:

Questions about this map

Which countries were in the Middle East in 300?

The map data draws 13 states and other polities in the Middle East in 300. The largest by land were the Sasanian Empire, the Roman Empire, the Kingdom of Kush, the Lakhmid Kingdom and the Kingdom of Armenia.

What was the largest empire in the Middle East in 300?

Of the states on this map, the Roman Empire held the most land in total: about 4.2 million km² in the reconstruction used here. Ancient and frontier borders are approximate, so treat areas as estimates.

Can I explore the Middle East in 300 interactively?

Yes. Open the interactive map at 300, zoom into any region, move through the years, and ask the history guide questions: it answers in plain words and draws places, armies and borders on the map.

About these borders

The borders come from Cliopatria (v0.2.1, Seshat Global History Databank, CC BY 4.0), the dataset behind our interactive map, with our audited name and border corrections. It records each state's territory year by year from 3400 BC to 2024. Borders before modern surveys are reconstructions: the data draws a state where it held control, and frontier zones, nomadic realms and loose overlordships are approximate. Areas are measured on an equal-area projection. Read how we make our maps.

Middle East in other years

Other regions in 300