Skip to content
Maps of History Start free

Historical map · 1830

Map of the Middle East in 1830

In 1830, the historical border data behind our interactive map draws 26 states, empires and other polities in the Middle East. By the land they held inside this region, the largest were the Ottoman Empire, Muhammad Ali dynasty and Qajar Iran. The Russian Empire reached well beyond the Middle East: its whole territory measured about 17.5 million km².

See this map live. The interactive map opens on the Middle East in 1830. Zoom in, move the year slider to watch the borders change, or ask the history guide a question and it draws the answer on the map.

OPEN 1830 ON THE MAP →Ask the history guide about 1830

States and empires in the Middle East in 1830

StateIn this regionWhole stateIn the data
Ottoman Empire Wikipedia2.0 million km²2.1 million km²1305–1923
Muhammad Ali dynasty Wikipedia1.6 million km²1.6 million km²1805–1865
Qajar Iran Wikipedia1.6 million km²1.6 million km²1788–1923
Khanate of Khiva Wikipedia653,000 km²847,000 km²1512–1919
Emirate of Nejd Wikipedia564,000 km²564,000 km²1824–1925
Sultanate of Darfur Wikipedia295,000 km²295,000 km²1609–1876
Russian Empire Wikipedia231,000 km²17.5 million km²1721–1916
Ethiopian Empire Wikipedia224,000 km²241,000 km²1272–1935
Emirate of Afghanistan Wikipedia185,000 km²877,000 km²1828–1925
Sultanate of Oman Wikipedia177,000 km²177,000 km²1744–2024
Imamate of Yemen Wikipedia96,000 km²96,000 km²1814–1872
Talpur Dynasty Wikipedia82,000 km²536,000 km²1820–1894
British Empire Wikipedia74,000 km²9.4 million km²1706–1999
Trucial States Wikipedia74,000 km²74,000 km²1820–1894
Caucasian Imamate Wikipedia38,000 km²38,000 km²1828–1858
Greece Wikipedia34,000 km²45,000 km²1822–1940
Kazakh Khanate Wikipedia29,000 km²1.7 million km²1468–1847
Qatar Wikipedia25,000 km²25,000 km²1820–2024
Wadai Empire Wikipedia24,000 km²281,000 km²1636–1910
Karamanli Dynasty Wikipedia9,850 km²76,000 km²1713–1839
Emirate of Bukhara Wikipedia7,120 km²268,000 km²1788–1919
Kuwait Wikipedia5,510 km²5,510 km²1757–2024
Serbia Wikipedia3,430 km²41,000 km²1805–1915
Principality of Svaneti Wikipedia2,360 km²2,360 km²1721–1833
House of Khalifa Wikipedia880 km²880 km²1783–1894
United Kingdom Wikipedia550 km²382,000 km²1709–2024

"In the data" gives the first and last year the dataset draws the state under this identity; states often existed earlier or later in another form.

What changed since 1815

New on the map: Emirate of Nejd, Emirate of Afghanistan, Talpur Dynasty, British Empire, Trucial States, Caucasian Imamate, Greece, Qatar, United Kingdom.

Gone from the map: Emirate of Diriyah, Funj Sultanate, Durrani Empire, Principality of Abkhazia, Principality of Wallachia, Principality of Guria, Septinsular Republic.

What comes next: 1850

Appear by 1850: Ottoman Tripolitania, Omani East Africa (Swahili coast).

Gone by 1850: Talpur Dynasty, Kazakh Khanate, Karamanli Dynasty, Principality of Svaneti.

Questions about this map

Which countries were in the Middle East in 1830?

The map data draws 26 states and other polities in the Middle East in 1830. The largest by land were the Ottoman Empire, Muhammad Ali dynasty, Qajar Iran, the Khanate of Khiva and the Emirate of Nejd.

What was the largest empire in the Middle East in 1830?

Of the states on this map, the Russian Empire held the most land in total: about 17.5 million km² in the reconstruction used here. Ancient and frontier borders are approximate, so treat areas as estimates.

Can I explore the Middle East in 1830 interactively?

Yes. Open the interactive map at 1830, zoom into any region, move through the years, and ask the history guide questions: it answers in plain words and draws places, armies and borders on the map.

About these borders

The borders come from Cliopatria (v0.2.1, Seshat Global History Databank, CC BY 4.0), the dataset behind our interactive map, with our audited name and border corrections. It records each state's territory year by year from 3400 BC to 2024. Borders before modern surveys are reconstructions: the data draws a state where it held control, and frontier zones, nomadic realms and loose overlordships are approximate. Areas are measured on an equal-area projection. Read how we make our maps.

Middle East in other years

Other regions in 1830