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Historical map · 1830

Map of Asia in 1830

In 1830, the historical border data behind our interactive map draws 67 states, empires and other polities in Asia. By the land they held inside this region, the largest were the Russian Empire, the Qing Dynasty and the British Empire.

See this map live. The interactive map opens on Asia in 1830. Zoom in, move the year slider to watch the borders change, or ask the history guide a question and it draws the answer on the map.

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States and empires in Asia in 1830

StateIn this regionWhole stateIn the data
Russian Empire Wikipedia15.1 million km²17.5 million km²1721–1916
Qing Dynasty Wikipedia12.3 million km²12.3 million km²1645–1911
British Empire Wikipedia3.2 million km²9.4 million km²1706–1999
Ottoman Empire Wikipedia1.9 million km²2.1 million km²1305–1923
Kazakh Khanate Wikipedia1.7 million km²1.7 million km²1468–1847
Muhammad Ali dynasty Wikipedia1.6 million km²1.6 million km²1805–1865
Qajar Iran Wikipedia1.6 million km²1.6 million km²1788–1923
Emirate of Afghanistan Wikipedia877,000 km²877,000 km²1828–1925
Khanate of Khiva Wikipedia847,000 km²847,000 km²1512–1919
Siam Wikipedia621,000 km²621,000 km²1783–1931
Emirate of Nejd Wikipedia564,000 km²564,000 km²1824–1925
Burma Wikipedia554,000 km²554,000 km²1820–2024
Talpur Dynasty Wikipedia536,000 km²536,000 km²1820–1894
Khanate of Kokand Wikipedia475,000 km²475,000 km²1709–1876
Dutch East Indies Wikipedia466,000 km²466,000 km²1800–1949
Netherlands Wikipedia466,000 km²558,000 km²1811–2024
Spanish Empire Wikipedia340,000 km²1.5 million km²1516–1931
Tokugawa Shogunate Wikipedia329,000 km²329,000 km²1600–1869
Nguyễn dynasty Wikipedia298,000 km²298,000 km²1791–1884
Emirate of Bukhara Wikipedia268,000 km²268,000 km²1788–1919
Sikh Empire Wikipedia252,000 km²252,000 km²1799–1848
Ethiopian Empire Wikipedia241,000 km²241,000 km²1272–1935
Mughal Empire Wikipedia241,000 km²241,000 km²1529–1858
Joseon232,000 km²232,000 km²1395–1897
Sultanate of Oman Wikipedia177,000 km²177,000 km²1744–2024
Nepal Wikipedia150,000 km²150,000 km²1775–2024
Sultanate of Darfur Wikipedia149,000 km²295,000 km²1609–1876
Kingdom of Luang Phrabang Wikipedia149,000 km²149,000 km²1709–1894
Kingdom of Cambodia Wikipedia116,000 km²116,000 km²1540–2024
Riau-Lingga Sultanate Wikipedia104,000 km²104,000 km²1820–1856
Imamate of Yemen Wikipedia96,000 km²96,000 km²1814–1872
Maratha Empire Wikipedia83,000 km²83,000 km²1677–1845
Trucial States Wikipedia74,000 km²74,000 km²1820–1894
Sultanate of Brunei Wikipedia69,000 km²69,000 km²1363–2024
Sultanate of Sulu Wikipedia68,000 km²68,000 km²1459–1879
Chiangmai Wikipedia65,000 km²65,000 km²1775–1884
Omani East Africa (Swahili coast)65,000 km²65,000 km²1814–1855
Sultanate of Johor Wikipedia63,000 km²63,000 km²1529–1884
Sultanate of Aceh Wikipedia42,000 km²42,000 km²1516–1959
Bhutan Wikipedia41,000 km²41,000 km²1636–2024

Also on the map: Sultanate of Malacca, Sultanate of Banjar, Austrian Empire, Caucasian Imamate, Kingdom of Champasak, United Kingdoms of Sweden and Norway, Sultanate of Jambi, Portuguese Empire, Qatar, Sultanate of Perak, Sultanate of Terengganu, Sultanate of Sambaliung, Sultanate of Selangor, Sultanate of Sukadana, Sultanate of Bima, Kelantan, Bali, Sultanate of Kutai Kartanegara, Negeri Sembilan, Kuwait, Đại Việt, Greece, Principality of Svaneti, Sultanate of Bone, French India, House of Khalifa, Sultanate of Maguindanao.

"In the data" gives the first and last year the dataset draws the state under this identity; states often existed earlier or later in another form.

What changed since 1815

New on the map: Emirate of Afghanistan, Emirate of Nejd, Burma, Talpur Dynasty, Riau-Lingga Sultanate, Trucial States, Caucasian Imamate, Qatar, Sultanate of Sambaliung, Greece, French India.

Gone from the map: Company rule in India (British East India Company), Durrani Empire, Emirate of Diriyah, Konbaung Dynasty, Funj Sultanate, Vientiane, Sultanate of Palembang, Principality of Moldavia, Principality of Wallachia, Sultanate of Kedah, Principality of Abkhazia, Sultanate of Sambas, Yogyakarta Sultanate, Pontianak Kadriyah Sultanate, Principality of Guria, Surakarta Sunanate, Sultanate of Mempawah.

What comes next: 1850

Appear by 1850: Kashmir and Jammu, Kingdom of Hungary (Austrian rule), Ottoman Tripolitania, Sultanate of Kedah, Kingdom of Sarawak, United Kingdom, Kedah-Perlis District, French Second Republic.

Gone by 1850: Kazakh Khanate, Sikh Empire, Maratha Empire, Sultanate of Sambaliung, Sultanate of Sukadana, Sultanate of Kutai Kartanegara, Đại Việt, Principality of Svaneti, French India.

Questions about this map

Which countries were in Asia in 1830?

The map data draws 67 states and other polities in Asia in 1830. The largest by land were the Russian Empire, the Qing Dynasty, the British Empire, the Ottoman Empire and the Kazakh Khanate.

What was the largest empire in Asia in 1830?

Of the states on this map, the Russian Empire held the most land in total: about 17.5 million km² in the reconstruction used here. Ancient and frontier borders are approximate, so treat areas as estimates.

Can I explore Asia in 1830 interactively?

Yes. Open the interactive map at 1830, zoom into any region, move through the years, and ask the history guide questions: it answers in plain words and draws places, armies and borders on the map.

About these borders

The borders come from Cliopatria (v0.2.1, Seshat Global History Databank, CC BY 4.0), the dataset behind our interactive map, with our audited name and border corrections. It records each state's territory year by year from 3400 BC to 2024. Borders before modern surveys are reconstructions: the data draws a state where it held control, and frontier zones, nomadic realms and loose overlordships are approximate. Areas are measured on an equal-area projection. Read how we make our maps.

Asia in other years

Other regions in 1830