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Historical map · 1700

Map of the World in 1700

In 1700, the historical border data behind our interactive map draws 104 states, empires and other polities in the world. By the land they held , the largest were the Spanish Empire, Tsardom of Russia and the Qing Dynasty.

See this map live. The interactive map opens on the World in 1700. Zoom in, move the year slider to watch the borders change, or ask the history guide a question and it draws the answer on the map.

OPEN 1700 ON THE MAP →Ask the history guide about 1700

States and empires in the World in 1700

StateTerritoryWhole stateIn the data
Spanish Empire Wikipedia14.5 million km²14.5 million km²1516–1931
Tsardom of Russia Wikipedia13.6 million km²13.6 million km²1547–1720
Qing Dynasty Wikipedia8.9 million km²8.9 million km²1645–1911
Mughal Empire Wikipedia3.8 million km²3.8 million km²1529–1858
Ottoman Empire Wikipedia3.4 million km²3.4 million km²1305–1923
Safavid Dynasty Wikipedia2.6 million km²2.6 million km²1502–1737
Portuguese Empire Wikipedia2.4 million km²2.4 million km²1502–1910
Kazakh Khanate Wikipedia2.2 million km²2.2 million km²1468–1847
Dzungar Khanate Wikipedia2.0 million km²2.0 million km²1609–1756
Tibet Wikipedia1.6 million km²1.6 million km²1363–1952
Kingdom of France Wikipedia1.2 million km²1.2 million km²990–1848
Habsburg Monarchy Wikipedia1.1 million km²1.1 million km²1459–1805
Swedish Empire Wikipedia914,000 km²914,000 km²1612–1814
Kingdom of England Wikipedia902,000 km²902,000 km²936–1708
Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth Wikipedia788,000 km²788,000 km²1572–1793
Kingdom of Spain Wikipedia657,000 km²657,000 km²1516–2024
First Toungoo Empire Wikipedia635,000 km²635,000 km²1502–1756
Funj Sultanate Wikipedia629,000 km²629,000 km²1507–1821
Dutch Republic Wikipedia602,000 km²602,000 km²1582–1795
Ethiopian Empire Wikipedia590,000 km²590,000 km²1272–1935
Haudenosaunee Wikipedia532,000 km²532,000 km²1450–1782
Denmark Wikipedia518,000 km²518,000 km²1046–1940
Holy Roman Empire Minor States Wikipedia476,000 km²476,000 km²922–1806
Khanate of Bukhara Wikipedia427,000 km²427,000 km²1516–1787
Ayutthaya Kingdom Wikipedia395,000 km²395,000 km²1352–1768
Morocco Wikipedia385,000 km²385,000 km²1670–2024
Lan Xang Wikipedia377,000 km²377,000 km²1363–1708
Bornu Empire Wikipedia340,000 km²340,000 km²1072–1894
Tokugawa Shogunate Wikipedia329,000 km²329,000 km²1600–1869
Sultanate of Darfur Wikipedia296,000 km²296,000 km²1609–1876
Wadai Empire Wikipedia281,000 km²281,000 km²1636–1910
Kingdom of Cambodia Wikipedia271,000 km²271,000 km²1540–2024
Jesuit Reducciones Wikipedia243,000 km²243,000 km²1595–1768
Joseon232,000 km²232,000 km²1395–1897
English Colonial Empire Wikipedia222,000 km²222,000 km²1609–1779
Sultanate of Johor Wikipedia180,000 km²180,000 km²1529–1884
Qasimids Wikipedia166,000 km²166,000 km²1636–1802
Kalmyk Khanate Wikipedia163,000 km²163,000 km²1632–1771
Gorkha Kingdom Wikipedia148,000 km²148,000 km²1588–1787
New France Wikipedia141,000 km²141,000 km²1609–1791

Also on the map: Khanate of Khiva, Astrakhan Khanate, Brandenburg-Prussia, Yarubid dynasty, Zaporozhian Cossacks, Trịnh lords, Kingdom of Portugal, Sloboda Ukraine, Nguyễn lords, Kingdom of Mysore, Small Horde, Principality of Moldavia, Sultanate of Palembang, Principality of Wallachia, Sultanate of Brunei, Republic of Venice, Sultanate of Banten, Sultanate of Malacca, Crimean Khanate, Kingdom of Mrauk U, Mataram Sultanate, Nayaks of Madurai, Sultanate of Sulu, Duchy of Bavaria, Dutch Ceylon, Oyo Empire, Swiss Confederation, New Netherland, Sultanate of Aceh, Papal States, House of Savoy, Bhutan, Sultanate of Banjar, Dutch Cape Colony, Sultanate of Jambi, Sultanate of Perak, Republic of Florence, French India, Duchy of Lorraine, Blambangan Kingdom, Kingdom of Kartli, Republic of Genoa, Thanjavur Maratha Kingdom, Sultanate of Kedah, Sultanate of Sukadana, Kingdom of Imereti, Sultanate of Bima, Principality of Abkhazia, Principality of Mingrelia, Bali, Kutai Kingdom, Sultanate of Sambas, Principality of Guria, Dutch Gold Coast, Đại Việt, Sultanate of Mempawah, Comtat Venaissin, Sultanate of Bone, Republic of Ragusa, Danish Gold Coast, Kathmandu, Saadi Sultanate, Sultanate of Maguindanao, County of Urgell.

"In the data" gives the first and last year the dataset draws the state under this identity; states often existed earlier or later in another form.

What changed since 1648

New on the map: Dzungar Khanate, Morocco, Zaporozhian Cossacks, Sloboda Ukraine, Dutch Ceylon, Dutch Cape Colony, Sultanate of Jambi, French India, Thanjavur Maratha Kingdom, Bali, Dutch Gold Coast, Danish Gold Coast.

Gone from the map: Golden Horde, Southern Ming, Eastern Moghulistan, Oirat Confederation, Tümed, Bijapur Sultanate, Khoshut Khanate, Golconda Sultanate, Commonwealth of England, Kingdom of Kongo, Principality of Transylvania, Ahmadnagar Sultanate, Irish Catholic Confederation, Electorate of Saxony, Portuguese Ceylon, Itza Mayans, Sultanate of Cirebon, Balinese Kingdom, Patani Kingdom, Nayaks of Thanjavur, Chámpa, New Sweden, Sultanate of Gowa.

What comes next: 1750

Appear by 1750: Russian Empire, British Empire, Afsharid Iran, Zand Dynasty, Maratha Empire, Nawabs of Bengal, United Kingdom, Hyderabad State, Regency of Algiers, Vientiane, Kingdom of Prussia, Kingdom of Luang Phrabang, Ashanti Empire, Carnatic Sultanate, Konbaung Dynasty, Kingdom of Lunda, Sultanate of Oman, Nawab of Awadh, Khanates of the Caucasus, Khanate of Kokand, Karamanli Dynasty, Beylik of Tunis, Kingdom of Sardinia, Durrani Empire, Lan Na, Kingdom of Champasak, Greenland, Bamana Empire, Kingdom of Georgia, Electorate of Hanover and others.

Gone by 1750: Tsardom of Russia, Safavid Dynasty, Kingdom of England, Lan Xang, Brandenburg-Prussia, Yarubid dynasty, Small Horde, Mataram Sultanate, Nayaks of Madurai, House of Savoy, Republic of Florence, Blambangan Kingdom, Kingdom of Kartli, Saadi Sultanate.

Questions about this map

Which countries were in the World in 1700?

The map data draws 104 states and other polities in the World in 1700. The largest by land were the Spanish Empire, Tsardom of Russia, the Qing Dynasty, the Mughal Empire and the Ottoman Empire.

What was the largest empire in the world in 1700?

Of the states on this map, the Spanish Empire held the most land in total: about 14.5 million km² in the reconstruction used here. Ancient and frontier borders are approximate, so treat areas as estimates.

Can I explore the World in 1700 interactively?

Yes. Open the interactive map at 1700, zoom into any region, move through the years, and ask the history guide questions: it answers in plain words and draws places, armies and borders on the map.

About these borders

The borders come from Cliopatria (v0.2.1, Seshat Global History Databank, CC BY 4.0), the dataset behind our interactive map, with our audited name and border corrections. It records each state's territory year by year from 3400 BC to 2024. Borders before modern surveys are reconstructions: the data draws a state where it held control, and frontier zones, nomadic realms and loose overlordships are approximate. Areas are measured on an equal-area projection. Read how we make our maps.

World in other years

Other regions in 1700