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Historical map · 1700

Map of Asia in 1700

In 1700, the historical border data behind our interactive map draws 79 states, empires and other polities in Asia. By the land they held inside this region, the largest were Tsardom of Russia, the Qing Dynasty and the Mughal Empire. The Spanish Empire reached well beyond Asia: its whole territory measured about 14.5 million km².

See this map live. The interactive map opens on Asia in 1700. Zoom in, move the year slider to watch the borders change, or ask the history guide a question and it draws the answer on the map.

OPEN 1700 ON THE MAP →Ask the history guide about 1700

States and empires in Asia in 1700

StateIn this regionWhole stateIn the data
Tsardom of Russia Wikipedia12.5 million km²13.6 million km²1547–1720
Qing Dynasty Wikipedia8.9 million km²8.9 million km²1645–1911
Mughal Empire Wikipedia3.8 million km²3.8 million km²1529–1858
Ottoman Empire Wikipedia2.6 million km²3.4 million km²1305–1923
Safavid Dynasty Wikipedia2.6 million km²2.6 million km²1502–1737
Kazakh Khanate Wikipedia2.2 million km²2.2 million km²1468–1847
Dzungar Khanate Wikipedia2.0 million km²2.0 million km²1609–1756
Tibet Wikipedia1.6 million km²1.6 million km²1363–1952
First Toungoo Empire Wikipedia635,000 km²635,000 km²1502–1756
Funj Sultanate Wikipedia629,000 km²629,000 km²1507–1821
Ethiopian Empire Wikipedia590,000 km²590,000 km²1272–1935
Khanate of Bukhara Wikipedia427,000 km²427,000 km²1516–1787
Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth Wikipedia404,000 km²788,000 km²1572–1793
Ayutthaya Kingdom Wikipedia395,000 km²395,000 km²1352–1768
Lan Xang Wikipedia377,000 km²377,000 km²1363–1708
Spanish Empire Wikipedia331,000 km²14.5 million km²1516–1931
Tokugawa Shogunate Wikipedia329,000 km²329,000 km²1600–1869
Swedish Empire Wikipedia310,000 km²914,000 km²1612–1814
Kingdom of Cambodia Wikipedia271,000 km²271,000 km²1540–2024
Dutch Republic Wikipedia269,000 km²602,000 km²1582–1795
Joseon232,000 km²232,000 km²1395–1897
Sultanate of Johor Wikipedia180,000 km²180,000 km²1529–1884
Qasimids Wikipedia166,000 km²166,000 km²1636–1802
Kalmyk Khanate Wikipedia163,000 km²163,000 km²1632–1771
Sultanate of Darfur Wikipedia149,000 km²296,000 km²1609–1876
Gorkha Kingdom Wikipedia148,000 km²148,000 km²1588–1787
Khanate of Khiva Wikipedia125,000 km²125,000 km²1512–1919
Astrakhan Khanate Wikipedia124,000 km²124,000 km²1468–1768
Yarubid dynasty Wikipedia121,000 km²121,000 km²1626–1743
Zaporozhian Cossacks Wikipedia120,000 km²120,000 km²1662–1774
Trịnh lords Wikipedia114,000 km²114,000 km²1572–1787
Sloboda Ukraine Wikipedia98,000 km²98,000 km²1670–1768
Nguyễn lords Wikipedia98,000 km²98,000 km²1572–1775
Kingdom of Mysore Wikipedia91,000 km²91,000 km²1572–1799
Small Horde Wikipedia83,000 km²83,000 km²1450–1737
Principality of Moldavia Wikipedia81,000 km²81,000 km²1363–1858
Sultanate of Palembang Wikipedia75,000 km²75,000 km²1459–1821
Sultanate of Brunei Wikipedia69,000 km²69,000 km²1363–2024
Sultanate of Banten Wikipedia64,000 km²64,000 km²1529–1808
Sultanate of Malacca Wikipedia60,000 km²60,000 km²1459–1861

Also on the map: Crimean Khanate, Kingdom of Mrauk U, Mataram Sultanate, Nayaks of Madurai, Sultanate of Sulu, Dutch Ceylon, Sultanate of Aceh, Bhutan, Principality of Wallachia, Sultanate of Banjar, Denmark, Sultanate of Jambi, Portuguese Empire, Sultanate of Perak, Habsburg Monarchy, Blambangan Kingdom, Kingdom of Kartli, Thanjavur Maratha Kingdom, Sultanate of Kedah, Sultanate of Sukadana, Kingdom of Imereti, Sultanate of Bima, Principality of Abkhazia, Principality of Mingrelia, Bali, Kutai Kingdom, Sultanate of Sambas, Principality of Guria, Kingdom of Portugal, Đại Việt, Sultanate of Mempawah, Kingdom of England, English Colonial Empire, Sultanate of Bone, Kathmandu, Kingdom of France, French India, Republic of Venice, Sultanate of Maguindanao.

"In the data" gives the first and last year the dataset draws the state under this identity; states often existed earlier or later in another form.

What changed since 1648

New on the map: Dzungar Khanate, Zaporozhian Cossacks, Sloboda Ukraine, Dutch Ceylon, Sultanate of Jambi, Habsburg Monarchy, Thanjavur Maratha Kingdom, Bali, Kingdom of France, French India.

Gone from the map: Golden Horde, Southern Ming, Eastern Moghulistan, Oirat Confederation, Tümed, Bijapur Sultanate, Khoshut Khanate, Golconda Sultanate, Ahmadnagar Sultanate, Portuguese Ceylon, Sultanate of Cirebon, Balinese Kingdom, Patani Kingdom, Principality of Transylvania, Nayaks of Thanjavur, Chámpa, Sultanate of Gowa.

What comes next: 1750

Appear by 1750: Russian Empire, Afsharid Iran, Zand Dynasty, Maratha Empire, Nawabs of Bengal, Hyderabad State, Vientiane, Kingdom of Luang Phrabang, Carnatic Sultanate, Konbaung Dynasty, Sultanate of Oman, Nawab of Awadh, Khanates of the Caucasus, Khanate of Kokand, Durrani Empire, Lan Na, Kingdom of Champasak, Kingdom of Georgia, Kingdom of Kakheti, Sultanate of Terengganu, Sultanate of Selangor, Emirate of Diriyah, Yogyakarta Sultanate, Duchy of Courland, Surakarta Sunanate, Principality of Svaneti, British Empire.

Gone by 1750: Tsardom of Russia, Safavid Dynasty, Lan Xang, Yarubid dynasty, Small Horde, Mataram Sultanate, Nayaks of Madurai, Blambangan Kingdom, Kingdom of Kartli, Kingdom of Portugal, Kingdom of England, Republic of Venice.

Questions about this map

Which countries were in Asia in 1700?

The map data draws 79 states and other polities in Asia in 1700. The largest by land were Tsardom of Russia, the Qing Dynasty, the Mughal Empire, the Ottoman Empire and the Safavid Dynasty.

What was the largest empire in Asia in 1700?

Of the states on this map, the Spanish Empire held the most land in total: about 14.5 million km² in the reconstruction used here. Ancient and frontier borders are approximate, so treat areas as estimates.

Can I explore Asia in 1700 interactively?

Yes. Open the interactive map at 1700, zoom into any region, move through the years, and ask the history guide questions: it answers in plain words and draws places, armies and borders on the map.

About these borders

The borders come from Cliopatria (v0.2.1, Seshat Global History Databank, CC BY 4.0), the dataset behind our interactive map, with our audited name and border corrections. It records each state's territory year by year from 3400 BC to 2024. Borders before modern surveys are reconstructions: the data draws a state where it held control, and frontier zones, nomadic realms and loose overlordships are approximate. Areas are measured on an equal-area projection. Read how we make our maps.

Asia in other years

Other regions in 1700