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Historical map · 1000

Map of the World in 1000

In 1000, the historical border data behind our interactive map draws 125 states, empires and other polities in the world. By the land they held , the largest were Northern Song, the Ghaznavid Empire and the Fatimid Caliphate.

See this map live. The interactive map opens on the World in 1000. Zoom in, move the year slider to watch the borders change, or ask the history guide a question and it draws the answer on the map.

OPEN 1000 ON THE MAP →Ask the history guide about 1000
Atlas map: Greenland and Vinland (1021)
FROM THE ATLAS · CLIMATE AND INNOVATION, CHAPTER 4: GREENLAND AND VINLAND (1021)

States and empires in the World in 1000

StateTerritoryWhole stateIn the data
Northern Song Wikipedia2.8 million km²2.8 million km²961–1278
Ghaznavid Empire Wikipedia2.1 million km²2.1 million km²962–1209
Fatimid Caliphate Wikipedia1.9 million km²1.9 million km²911–1176
Liao Dynasty Wikipedia1.9 million km²1.9 million km²911–1125
Tibetans Wikipedia1.8 million km²1.8 million km²850–1259
Kimek-Kipchak confederation Wikipedia1.5 million km²1.5 million km²750–1235
Holy Roman Empire Wikipedia1.4 million km²1.4 million km²922–1806
Kievan Rus' Wikipedia1.2 million km²1.2 million km²880–1240
Buyid Dynasty Wikipedia1.1 million km²1.1 million km²750–1259
Kara-Khanids Wikipedia919,000 km²919,000 km²850–1138
Byzantine Empire Wikipedia864,000 km²864,000 km²633–1474
Western Chalukya Empire Wikipedia757,000 km²757,000 km²980–1187
Qocho Kingdom Wikipedia652,000 km²652,000 km²860–1138
Caliphate of Córdoba Wikipedia564,000 km²564,000 km²936–1071
Srivijaya Wikipedia540,000 km²540,000 km²674–1293
Allegiance of Duchy of Aquitaine to Kingdom of France Wikipedia525,000 km²525,000 km²990–1439
Kingdom of Poland Wikipedia495,000 km²495,000 km²962–1449
Kingdom of France Wikipedia468,000 km²468,000 km²990–1848
Yenisei Kyrgyz Wikipedia422,000 km²422,000 km²555–1219
Oghuz Turks Wikipedia414,000 km²414,000 km²666–1055
Hamdanid Emirates Wikipedia399,000 km²399,000 km²936–1259
Khmer Empire Wikipedia399,000 km²399,000 km²800–1539
Kingdom of Dali Wikipedia361,000 km²361,000 km²947–1259
Kingdom of Khotan Wikipedia297,000 km²297,000 km²888–1009
Old Kingdom of Norway Wikipedia293,000 km²293,000 km²866–1401
Seljuk Dynasty Wikipedia292,000 km²292,000 km²990–1039
First Bulgarian Empire Wikipedia281,000 km²281,000 km²682–1017
Kingdom of Hungary Wikipedia271,000 km²271,000 km²1000–1546
Kingdom of England Wikipedia265,000 km²265,000 km²936–1708
Pala Empire Wikipedia250,000 km²250,000 km²750–1168
Heian Japan Wikipedia244,000 km²244,000 km²793–1187
Chauhan Dynasty Wikipedia243,000 km²243,000 km²202 BC–AD 1201
Ganzhou Kingdom Wikipedia232,000 km²232,000 km²860–1039
Kamarupa Kingdom Wikipedia230,000 km²230,000 km²353–1138
Sind-Habbari Dynasty Wikipedia228,000 km²228,000 km²860–1201
Chola Empire Wikipedia217,000 km²217,000 km²850–1259
Paramara Dynasty Wikipedia216,000 km²216,000 km²980–1235
Ziyadid dynasty Wikipedia216,000 km²216,000 km²866–1138
Makuria Wikipedia213,000 km²213,000 km²347–1518
Ghana Empire Wikipedia205,000 km²205,000 km²793–1201

Also on the map: Chaulukya Dynasty, Utpala Dynasty, Kingdom of Denmark, Haripuñjaya, Goryeo, Ngô Dynasty, Later Mayan City-States, Kingdom of León, Chámpa, Lavo Kingdom, Alodia, Kingdom of Arles, Western Xia, Icelandic Commonwealth, Kashmir, Kingdom of Sweden, Kingdom of Croatia, Duchy of Bohemia, Chandela Kingdom, Pyu City-States, Chandra Dynasty, Anurādhapura, Brythonic Kingdoms, Georgia, Mataram Kingdom, Scandinavian minor kingdoms, Bagratid Armenia, Kingdom of Alba, Pagan Kingdom, Volga Bulgaria, Shirvan, Kingdom of Vaspurakan, Duchy of Gascony, Kingdom of Castile, Duchy of Normandy, Duchy of Brittany, Barghawata Conference, Galuh Kingdom, Viking settlements, Gurjara-Pratihara Dynasty, County of Rouergue, Sunda Kingdom, Jaemtland, County of Ribagorza, County of Champagne, Emirate of Sicily, County of Toulouse, Puebloans - Chaco Regional System, County of Flanders, Classic Veracruz Culture, County of Vermandois, Papal States, Zagwe dynasty, County of Maine, Duchy of Benevento, County of Blôis, Giudicato of Cagliari, County of Anjou, Strathclyde, Giudicato of Logudoro, Early Balinese Kingdoms, Republic of Venice, Emirate of Nekor, Qarmatians, Kingdom of Gwynedd, County of Barcelona, Toltec, Principality of Salerno, County of Pallars, Giudicato of Gallura, Kingdom of Powys, County of Vexin, County of Berga, Giudicato of Arborea, County of Rosellón, County of Urgell, Chimor, County of Osona, Tamna, Kingdom of Brycheiniog, Kingdom of Morgannwg, Kingdom of Gwent, Duchy of Naples, County of Ampuria, Principality of Capua.

"In the data" gives the first and last year the dataset draws the state under this identity; states often existed earlier or later in another form.

What changed since 900

New on the map: Northern Song, Ghaznavid Empire, Fatimid Caliphate, Liao Dynasty, Holy Roman Empire, Western Chalukya Empire, Caliphate of Córdoba, Allegiance of Duchy of Aquitaine to Kingdom of France, Kingdom of Poland, Kingdom of France, Hamdanid Emirates, Kingdom of Dali, Seljuk Dynasty, Kingdom of Hungary, Kingdom of England, Chauhan Dynasty, Paramara Dynasty, Chaulukya Dynasty, Utpala Dynasty, Kingdom of Denmark, Goryeo, Ngô Dynasty, Kingdom of León, Kingdom of Arles, Western Xia, Icelandic Commonwealth, Kingdom of Sweden, Kingdom of Croatia, Chandela Kingdom, Kingdom of Vaspurakan and others.

Gone from the map: Alliance between Samanid Empire and Ziyadid dynasty, Tang Dynasty, Allegiance of East Franks to Carolingian Empire, Carolingian Empire, Tulunids, Rashtrakuta Dynasty, Khazaria, Balhae, Rustamid dynasty, Emirate of Córdoba, West Franks, Nanzhao, Aghlabid Dynasty, Kingdom of Lower Burgundy, Idrisids, Principality of Hungary, Kingdom of Asturias, Unified Silla, Magyars, Kingdom of Axum, Pandya Dynasty, Anglo-Saxon England, Kingdom of Wessex, Sajid Dynasty, Danelaw, Kingdom of Brittany, Upper Burgundy, Zaydi Alid dynasties, Principality of Serbia, Nitra and others.

What comes next: 1100

Appear by 1100: Great Seljuk Empire, Almoravid Dynasty, Khwarezmid Dynasty, Halych-Volhynia occupation, Novgorod Republic, Sena Dynasty, Lohara Dynasty, Gahadavala Dynasty, Najahid Dynasty, Principality of Chernigov, Norman England, Principality of Rostov-Suzdal, Eastern Ganga Kingdom, Principality of Kiev, Principality of Polotsky, Sultanate of Rum, Principality of Smolensk, Principality of Pereyaslavl, Principality of Volhynia, Norman Italy, Takrur, Kingdom of Polonnaruwa, Uyunid Emirate, Danishmendids, Principality of Ryazan, Kingdom of Georgia, Principality of Terebovlia, Taifas of Iberia, Principality of Peremyshl, Northern Fujiwara and others.

Gone by 1100: Buyid Dynasty, Caliphate of Córdoba, Oghuz Turks, Kingdom of Khotan, Seljuk Dynasty, First Bulgarian Empire, Ganzhou Kingdom, Utpala Dynasty, Kingdom of León, Kingdom of Croatia, Duchy of Bohemia, Pyu City-States, Chandra Dynasty, Anurādhapura, Georgia, Mataram Kingdom, Scandinavian minor kingdoms, Bagratid Armenia, Shirvan, Kingdom of Vaspurakan, Duchy of Gascony, Duchy of Normandy, Barghawata Conference, Galuh Kingdom, Gurjara-Pratihara Dynasty, County of Rouergue, County of Ribagorza, Emirate of Sicily, Duchy of Benevento, Strathclyde and others.

Read the history of 1000

Guided atlas chapters set near this date, each with its own map, causes and consequences:

Questions about this map

Which countries were in the World in 1000?

The map data draws 125 states and other polities in the World in 1000. The largest by land were Northern Song, the Ghaznavid Empire, the Fatimid Caliphate, the Liao Dynasty and Tibetans.

What was the largest empire in the world in 1000?

Of the states on this map, Northern Song held the most land in total: about 2.8 million km² in the reconstruction used here. Ancient and frontier borders are approximate, so treat areas as estimates.

Can I explore the World in 1000 interactively?

Yes. Open the interactive map at 1000, zoom into any region, move through the years, and ask the history guide questions: it answers in plain words and draws places, armies and borders on the map.

About these borders

The borders come from Cliopatria (v0.2.1, Seshat Global History Databank, CC BY 4.0), the dataset behind our interactive map, with our audited name and border corrections. It records each state's territory year by year from 3400 BC to 2024. Borders before modern surveys are reconstructions: the data draws a state where it held control, and frontier zones, nomadic realms and loose overlordships are approximate. Areas are measured on an equal-area projection. Read how we make our maps.

World in other years

Other regions in 1000