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Historical map · 323 BC

Map of Asia in 323 BC

In 323 BC, the historical border data behind our interactive map draws 32 states, empires and other polities in Asia. By the land they held inside this region, the largest were the Macedonian Empire, the Nanda Empire and the Warring States China. The Macedonian Empire reached well beyond Asia: its whole territory measured about 9.6 million km².

See this map live. The interactive map opens on Asia in 323 BC. Zoom in, move the year slider to watch the borders change, or ask the history guide a question and it draws the answer on the map.

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States and empires in Asia in 323 BC

StateIn this regionWhole stateIn the data
Macedonian Empire Wikipedia4.9 million km²9.6 million km²675 BC–292 BC
Nanda Empire Wikipedia1.4 million km²1.4 million km²333 BC–319 BC
Warring States China Wikipedia1.0 million km²1.0 million km²480 BC–219 BC
Yuezhi Wikipedia915,000 km²915,000 km²404 BC–AD 42
Chu Wikipedia564,000 km²564,000 km²750 BC–224 BC
Minyue Wikipedia378,000 km²378,000 km²500 BC–111 BC
Scythia Wikipedia365,000 km²365,000 km²650 BC–224 BC
Kingdom of Kush Wikipedia337,000 km²337,000 km²1000 BC–AD 346
Kingdom of Armenia Wikipedia242,000 km²242,000 km²326 BC–AD 646
Laomedon Wikipedia122,000 km²122,000 km²323 BC–319 BC
Qi120,000 km²120,000 km²750 BC–204 BC
Perdiccas Wikipedia117,000 km²117,000 km²323 BC–319 BC
Kingdom of Lysimachus Wikipedia104,000 km²151,000 km²323 BC–282 BC
Qin91,000 km²91,000 km²750 BC–219 BC
Hadhramaut Wikipedia86,000 km²86,000 km²700 BC–AD 305
Wei86,000 km²86,000 km²404 BC–204 BC
Zhao52,000 km²52,000 km²404 BC–226 BC
Greek City-States Wikipedia51,000 km²134,000 km²800 BC–AD 83
Yan39,000 km²39,000 km²750 BC–204 BC
Sabaeans Wikipedia36,000 km²36,000 km²800 BC–AD 282
Song35,000 km²35,000 km²750 BC–285 BC
Minaeans29,000 km²29,000 km²383 BC–26 BC
Han16,000 km²16,000 km²404 BC–203 BC
Kingdom of Bithynia Wikipedia15,000 km²15,000 km²333 BC–67 BC
Qataban Wikipedia12,000 km²12,000 km²350 BC–AD 183
Zhongshan Wikipedia11,000 km²11,000 km²366 BC–292 BC
Lu8,950 km²8,950 km²750 BC–248 BC
Cimmerian Bosporus Wikipedia6,610 km²6,610 km²404 BC–AD 372
Wey Wikipedia5,710 km²5,710 km²750 BC–248 BC
Later Zhou Wikipedia3,970 km²3,970 km²750 BC–AD 960
Xu Wikipedia2,990 km²2,990 km²750 BC–285 BC
Athenian Coalition Wikipedia1,280 km²23,000 km²323 BC–257 BC

"In the data" gives the first and last year the dataset draws the state under this identity; states often existed earlier or later in another form.

What changed since 500 BC

New on the map: Macedonian Empire, Nanda Empire, Warring States China, Yuezhi, Kingdom of Armenia, Laomedon, Perdiccas, Kingdom of Lysimachus, Wei, Zhao, Minaeans, Han, Kingdom of Bithynia, Qataban, Zhongshan, Cimmerian Bosporus, Athenian Coalition.

Gone from the map: Achaemenid Empire, Spring and Autumn States, Wu, Jin, Mahajanapadas, Magadha - Haryanka dynasty, Zhu, Janapada of Malla, Janapada of Aśmaka, Zheng, Janapada of Kuru, Janapada of Matsya, Janapada of Surasena, Janapada of Vajji, Janapada of Avanti, Janapada of Kāśī, Chen, Janapada of Kosala, Janapada of Pañcāla, Janapada of Cedī, Teng, Janapada of Vatsa, Cao, Cai.

What comes next: 200 BC

Appear by 200 BC: Xiongnu, Allegiance of Seleucid Empire to Roman Republic, Han Dynasty, Maurya Empire, Greco-Bactrian Kingdom, Ptolemaic Kingdom, Satavahana Dynasty, Nanyue, Parthian Empire, Atropatene, Kingdom of Pontus, Kalinga, Anurādhapura, Kingdom of Cappadocia, Galatia, Kingdom of Pergamon, Early Pandyas, Early Cholas, Early Cheras, Paphlagonia, Antigonid Macedonia, Kingdom of Sophene.

Gone by 200 BC: Macedonian Empire, Nanda Empire, Warring States China, Chu, Scythia, Kingdom of Armenia, Laomedon, Qi, Perdiccas, Kingdom of Lysimachus, Qin, Wei, Zhao, Yan, Song, Han, Zhongshan, Lu, Wey, Later Zhou, Xu, Athenian Coalition.

Questions about this map

Which countries were in Asia in 323 BC?

The map data draws 32 states and other polities in Asia in 323 BC. The largest by land were the Macedonian Empire, the Nanda Empire, the Warring States China, Yuezhi and Chu.

What was the largest empire in Asia in 323 BC?

Of the states on this map, the Macedonian Empire held the most land in total: about 9.6 million km² in the reconstruction used here. Ancient and frontier borders are approximate, so treat areas as estimates.

Can I explore Asia in 323 BC interactively?

Yes. Open the interactive map at 323 BC, zoom into any region, move through the years, and ask the history guide questions: it answers in plain words and draws places, armies and borders on the map.

About these borders

The borders come from Cliopatria (v0.2.1, Seshat Global History Databank, CC BY 4.0), the dataset behind our interactive map, with our audited name and border corrections. It records each state's territory year by year from 3400 BC to 2024. Borders before modern surveys are reconstructions: the data draws a state where it held control, and frontier zones, nomadic realms and loose overlordships are approximate. Areas are measured on an equal-area projection. Read how we make our maps.

Asia in other years

Other regions in 323 BC