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Historical map · 800

Map of Europe in 800

In 800, the historical border data behind our interactive map draws 38 states, empires and other polities in Europe. By the land they held inside this region, the largest were the Kingdom of the Franks, the Alliance between Byzantine Empire and Khazaria and the Abbasid Caliphate. The Abbasid Caliphate reached well beyond Europe: its whole territory measured about 7.9 million km².

See this map live. The interactive map opens on Europe in 800. Zoom in, move the year slider to watch the borders change, or ask the history guide a question and it draws the answer on the map.

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States and empires in Europe in 800

StateIn this regionWhole stateIn the data
Kingdom of the Franks Wikipedia1.3 million km²3.8 million km²462–989
Alliance between Byzantine Empire and Khazaria Wikipedia1.2 million km²2.9 million km²633–1474
Abbasid Caliphate Wikipedia695,000 km²7.9 million km²750–1259
Khazaria Wikipedia474,000 km²747,000 km²630–979
Emirate of Córdoba Wikipedia422,000 km²422,000 km²757–935
Scandinavian minor kingdoms Wikipedia421,000 km²421,000 km²800–1002
Rustamid dynasty Wikipedia249,000 km²470,000 km²778–910
First Bulgarian Empire Wikipedia190,000 km²190,000 km²682–1017
Avar Khaganate Wikipedia177,000 km²177,000 km²561–805
Aghlabid Dynasty Wikipedia153,000 km²246,000 km²800–910
Anglo-Saxon England Wikipedia140,000 km²140,000 km²441–935
Idrisids Wikipedia140,000 km²195,000 km²793–979
Kingdom of Mercia Wikipedia97,000 km²97,000 km²534–925
Kingdom of Asturias Wikipedia79,000 km²79,000 km²724–925
Dál Riata Wikipedia59,000 km²59,000 km²540–899
Kingdom of Northumbria Wikipedia44,000 km²44,000 km²612–935
Duchy of Benevento Wikipedia43,000 km²43,000 km²577–1084
Brythonic Kingdoms Wikipedia42,000 km²56,000 km²439–1284
Georgia Wikipedia24,000 km²24,000 km²567–2024
Principality of Serbia24,000 km²24,000 km²768–961
Breton Kingdoms Wikipedia24,000 km²24,000 km²587–824
Duchy of Croatia Wikipedia21,000 km²21,000 km²741–925
Duchy of Gascony Wikipedia16,000 km²16,000 km²768–1065
Papal States Wikipedia15,000 km²15,000 km²755–1870
Viking settlements Wikipedia14,000 km²14,000 km²793–1332
Obotrites Wikipedia12,000 km²12,000 km²793–946
Cyprus Condominium11,000 km²11,000 km²692–959
Strathclyde9,400 km²9,400 km²644–1033
Emirate of Nekor Wikipedia7,040 km²7,040 km²750–1027
Kingdom of Gwynedd Wikipedia6,340 km²6,340 km²540–1284
Barghawata Conference Wikipedia5,620 km²36,000 km²793–1065
Cornwall Wikipedia4,520 km²4,520 km²710–946
Kingdom of Powys Wikipedia4,340 km²4,340 km²540–1168
Republic of Venice Wikipedia2,540 km²2,540 km²705–1796
Kingdom of Brycheiniog Wikipedia1,960 km²1,960 km²540–1084
Kingdom of Morgannwg Wikipedia1,500 km²1,500 km²540–1055
Kingdom of Gwent Wikipedia1,260 km²1,260 km²540–1055
Duchy of Naples Wikipedia1,030 km²1,030 km²763–1138

"In the data" gives the first and last year the dataset draws the state under this identity; states often existed earlier or later in another form.

What changed since 700

New on the map: Abbasid Caliphate, Emirate of Córdoba, Scandinavian minor kingdoms, Rustamid dynasty, Aghlabid Dynasty, Idrisids, Kingdom of Asturias, Duchy of Benevento, Georgia, Principality of Serbia, Duchy of Croatia, Duchy of Gascony, Papal States, Viking settlements, Obotrites, Emirate of Nekor, Barghawata Conference, Cornwall, Republic of Venice, Duchy of Naples.

Gone from the map: Umayyad Caliphate, Visigothic Kingdom, Scandinavian minor kingdoms, Aquitaine, Kingdom of Italy, Saxons, Bavarians, Frisia Kingdom, Carantania, Duchy of Thuringia, Principality of Iberia, Kingdom of Wessex, Kingdom of Lazica, Magna Frisia, Dumnonia, Kingdom of East Anglia.

What comes next: 900

Appear by 900: Allegiance of East Franks to Carolingian Empire, Kievan Rus', Allegiance of Ziyadid dynasty to Abbasid Caliphate, West Franks, Old Kingdom of Norway, Kingdom of Lower Burgundy, Principality of Hungary, Tulunids, Magyars, Bagratid Armenia, Kingdom of Wessex, Danelaw, Kingdom of Brittany, Duchy of Bohemia, Kingdom of Alba, Upper Burgundy, Nitra, Kingdom of the Iberians, Emirate of Sicily, County of Ribagorza, Great Moravia, Principality of Salerno, Giudicato of Cagliari, Kingdom of Seisyllwg, Giudicato of Logudoro, Sajid Dynasty, County of Barcelona, Emirate of Crete, County of Pallars, County of Rosellón and others.

Gone by 900: Avar Khaganate, Kingdom of Mercia, Dál Riata, Breton Kingdoms, Duchy of Gascony, Kingdom of Powys.

Questions about this map

Which countries were in Europe in 800?

The map data draws 38 states and other polities in Europe in 800. The largest by land were the Kingdom of the Franks, the Alliance between Byzantine Empire and Khazaria, the Abbasid Caliphate, Khazaria and the Emirate of Córdoba.

What was the largest empire in Europe in 800?

Of the states on this map, the Abbasid Caliphate held the most land in total: about 7.9 million km² in the reconstruction used here. Ancient and frontier borders are approximate, so treat areas as estimates.

Can I explore Europe in 800 interactively?

Yes. Open the interactive map at 800, zoom into any region, move through the years, and ask the history guide questions: it answers in plain words and draws places, armies and borders on the map.

About these borders

The borders come from Cliopatria (v0.2.1, Seshat Global History Databank, CC BY 4.0), the dataset behind our interactive map, with our audited name and border corrections. It records each state's territory year by year from 3400 BC to 2024. Borders before modern surveys are reconstructions: the data draws a state where it held control, and frontier zones, nomadic realms and loose overlordships are approximate. Areas are measured on an equal-area projection. Read how we make our maps.

Europe in other years

Other regions in 800